アサヒエビグモの発育に及ぼす光周期の影響

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タイトル別名
  • Effects of Photoperiod on Nymphal Development in <i>Philodromus subaureolus</i> BOESENBERG et STRAND (Araneae: Tomisidae)
  • アサヒエビグモ ノ ハツイク ニ オヨボス ヒカリ シュウキ ノ エイキョウ

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説明

Nymphs of Philodromus subaureolus were collected at regular intervals throughout the year. The measurement of the carapace width indicated that this species was univoltine and became mature within a relatively short period of time in June. Under long-day conditions (16L: 8D), the development of the middle-stage nymphs was accelerated and the majority reached maturity. On the other hand, under short-day conditions (11L: 13D), the development was retarded and none of the nymphs reached maturity. In the field, nymphs acquired the long-day type response by late October. The photoperiodic response curve showed a gentle slope with a critical daylength of about 12 hours. In the early-stage nymphs the short-day conditions accelerated development whereas the long-day ones retarded it. No nymphs reached maturity in either of these stationary daylengths. In contrast, when nymphs were reared under 16L: 8D conditions following 38 days of 11L: 13D, their development was not delayed and most of them became mature. Exposure to short-day conditions for over 30 days seems to be necessary for the switch to the long-day type response. On the basis these results the seasonal development of this species can be summarized as follows. The early-stage nymphs develop slowly because of the long-day conditions in summer in spite of the high temperature and abundance of preys. The middle-stage nymphs change their response to the long-day type in autumn and overwinter under the influence of short-day conditions and low temperatures. In spring, they develop rapidly owing to the long-day and mild temperature conditions, and they become mature in June. These photoperiodic response account for the univoltine life cycle and the synchronized adult emergence in this species.

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