Origin of the term "Hyoga"(glacier).

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  • IWATA Shuji
    Department of Geography, Tokyo Metropolitan University

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  • 「氷河」という訳語の由来
  • ヒョウガ ト イウ ヤクゴ ノ ユライ

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European words glacier and Gletscher were translated first into Japanese as “shukuhyo” and “hyoya” (both mean an ice field) in 1846. After this translation, “hyozan” (an iceberg) appeared in dictionaries as an equivalent term of glacier by mistaking ice-covered mountains, and “hyoden” (an ice field) was often used as glacier early in the Meiji era (1880's). “Hyoga” which means a glacier in common use today implies a river of ice. This nomenclature was first employed in 1891 by Kotora Jinbo, a geologist, who understood the flow behavior of valley glaciers. Thus, “Hyoga” (a river of ice) was created from understanding of glacier flow.

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