冬期の河川結氷と熱収支について　　常ろ（ところ）川・北見市の場合

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タイトル別名
  • A study on freezing of a river and heat balance at open water in winter
  • トウキ ノ カセン ケッピョウ ト ネツ シュウシ ニ ツイテ トコロガワ キ
  • 常呂川・北見市の場合

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抄録

River ice surveys at four observation stations in Kitami, located along the Tokoro River in Hokkaido, were conducted during the winter of 1981-82. The transverse ice concentration, which is defined as the ratio of the transverse length actually covered by ice to the total river width; was introduced to represent the ice coverage quantitatively. Some multiple regression equations were derived to estimate this concentration at four stations. The ice conditions at a station were classified from the maximum transverse ice concentration, the number of cycles, each having ice growth and decay, and the proportion of freezeover period to the total observation period.<BR>Past studies on the thermal regime of river water have almost neglected the heat conduction through the stream bed and heat gain from viscous dissipation. On the basis of meteorological and hydrological observations during December 2-8 1981 at Wakamatsu Bridge, one of the stations, time variations in thermal balance of water mass were obtained including stream bed conduction and viscous dissipation. Discussions on several multiple regression models for estimating total heat loss led to the adoption of water temperature, air temperature, wind velocity, duration of sunshine and precipitation as predictor variables; all except water temperature being obtainable from AMeDAS (Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System) of Japan Meteorological Agency.<BR>It was revealed that for a given river section the growth or nongrowth of shore ice is determined by a linear relationship between the surface velocity of flow and daily accumulated heat loss.

収録刊行物

  • 雪氷

    雪氷 45 (1), 13-24, 1983

    公益社団法人 日本雪氷学会

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