Estimation of the effects of deciduous forest to the surface snowmelt by a heat balance analysis.

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  • 落葉樹林が表層融雪量に与える影響に関する熱収支的検討
  • ラクヨウジュリン ガ ヒョウソウ ユウセツリョウ ニ アタエル エイキョウ

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Abstract

For the purpose of evaluating effects of a deciduous forest to the surface snowmelt, snowmelt and meteorological elements were observed at an open site and at an adjacent forest site. The remarkable results obtained by this research are as follows; (1) Daily snowmelt rates at the forest site were 40% to 90% of the rates at the open sites. (2) Meteorological elements affected greatly by the deciduous forest were solar radiation, net radiation and wind speed. (3) The hourly variations in snowmelt rates at the two observation sites were estimated by a heat balance method, and it was pointed out that the nocturnal cooling was not neglected for the snowmelt estimation. (4) The ratios of net radiation to the daily snowmelt energy were more than 70% during most of the observation period. The decrease of the snowmelt energy at the forest site depended on the decrease of the net radiation. (5) The dependence of the snowmelt on the net radiation was examined by a heat balance method under the simple meteorological conditions. As a result, it was estimated that the dependence was changed by the wind speed at the open site and the difference between the wind speeds at the open site and at the forest site.

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