Vegetation Changes since the Last Glacial Period around the Itachino Mire in the Kochi Plain, Southwestern Japan

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  • Miyake Nao
    Department of Natural Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Kochi University
  • Nakamura Jun
    Kochi University
  • Yamanaka Mitsuo
    Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kochi University
  • Miyake Mika
    Central Forestry Office, Forest Bureau of Kochi Prefecture
  • Ishikawa Shingo
    Department of Natural Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Kochi University

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  • 高知平野伊達野低湿地周辺における最終氷期以降の植生史
  • コウチ ヘイヤ イタチノ テイシッチ シュウヘン ニ オケル サイシュウヒョウキ イコウ ノ ショクセイシ

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Abstract

The fossil pollen record of a core from the Itachino Mire in the Kochi Plain, southwestern Japan, yields vegetation changes since the last glacial period, especially the development process of Cryptomeria japonica forests. During the interstade (isotope stage 3), temperate conifer forests dominated by Cryptomeria japonica, Abies, and Tsuga covered the hill areas around the study site. Warm temperate deciduous trees, Lagerstroemia and Paliurus, also appeared. Alnus (probably, A. japonica) forests predominated in the mires. At late isotope stage 3 (ca. 30, 000yrs BP), Cryptomeria japonica declined conspicuously. During isotope stage 2, Tsuga and Abies were dominant, associated with Quercus subgen. Quercus and Fagus crenata. In the mire, Alnus forests were replaced by wetland herbaceous vegetation consisting mainly of Sanguisorba, Umbelliferae, and Gramineae. In the early post-glacial period (isotope stage 1), Myrica rubra, one of the evergreen broadleaved trees, appears to have dominated the forests for a short time. At ca. 8, 000yrs BP, evergreen broad-leaved forests, including Quercus subgen. Cyclobalanopsis and Castanopsis, were widely established. From ca. 1, 700yrs BP to the present, the forests were partly replaced by secondary forests of Pinus and Myrica rubra due to intensive forest destruction by human activities.

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