Visibility and Fog Drop Size Spectra at Misawa Air Base

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Size spectra of fog drops are investigated at Misawa Air Base to determine which sizes of drops are mainly responsible for degrading visibility in fogs. It is found fog drops smaller than 5 µm in diameter contribute less than 2% to the extinction coefficient. Degraded visibility is caused by smaller fog drops than 60 µm under thinner fog layers than 130 m in this study. Drop size distributions spread and the representative drop size for degrading visibility increases with fog thickness under fog layers thicker than 280 m. So, not only the maximum drop size increases with fog thickness but also the influences of large drops on the extinction coefficient in fogs increase with fog thickness. For evolutions of visibility, increase of small drops is important for rapid degrading visibility irrespective of fog thickness and increase of large drops corresponds to slow changes of visibility under thick fogs.

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