In-Source Plasma Polymerization of Acrylamide in the Solid-State.

TATSUMI Masakazu, EGAWA Yosuke, NAKANISHI Kazuo, YAMAMOTO Seika

doi:10.1295/koron.49.133

Polymerization of vinyl monomers occurred in the solid phase in a low-pressure cold plasma of argon generated by radio-frequency discharges, i. e., in-source plasma polymerization. The polyacrylamide obtained in the solid-state was insoluble due to the presence of imide groups formed by the elimination of ammonia. Solid-state copolymerization of a binary mixture of a solid monomer and acrylamide (AAm) was also discussed. The phase equilibrium diagram of the methacrylamide-AAm binary system, determined by DSC measurement, shows a eutectic mixture at 90 mol% AAm with a melting point of about 77°C and the formation of solid solutions at the AAm content under 50 mol%. In the solid phase, the rate of polymerization was the highest at the eutectic composition. Prolonged plasma irradiation accelerated the rate only for the mixtures with high AAm content, but at low AAm content, inhibition was observed. From these phenomena, we concluded that an increase in local temperature by the Joule heat due to a dielectric current resulted in the micro-melting of crystals, leading to the rupture of the AAm crystal lattices followed by simultaneous solid-state polymerization.

In-Source Plasma Polymerization of Acrylamide in the Solid-State.

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