Flow in a Pipe Fitting : Part 4-Energy Loss of Turbulent Flow in a Pipe Fitting with the Branching Angle of 45-deg. and also with Rounding or Chamfering

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  • 割込み型分岐管内の流れ : 第4報-分岐角度が45°で枝管入口に丸みまたは面取りを有する場合の乱流におけるエネルギー損失
  • ワリコミガタ ブンキカンナイ ノ ナガレ ダイ 4 ホウ ブンキ カクド ガ

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Abstract

To study the shape of a pipe fitting with a branching angle of 45 degrees which causes small energy loss in tubulent flow and is valuable for practical use, the energy loss in the pipe fittings with different rounding and chamfering sizes at the up- and downstream edges of the lateral entrance was investigated similarly to the branching angle of 90 degrees. The pipe fittings under experiment have three area ratios and rectangular crosssection. The amount of the rounding and chamfering sizes is twenty-seven in all. According to the experimental results, the coefficients for the flow from the main conduit into the lateral conduit and for the straight-through flow vary with the area ratio and the ratio of the lateral discharge to the total discharge. When the ratio of the lateral discharge to the total discharge is same, the larger the area ratio is, the greater the coefficient for the flow from the main conduit into the leteral conduit is. The larger the area ratio is, the less the coefficient of the straight-through flow is. The rounding and chamfering reduce the energy losses for the flow from the main conduit into the lateral conduit and for the straight-through flow. But there are the most optimum sizes of rounding and chamfaring. In order to clarify the conditions that cause the small energy loss due to flow branching, the power loss coefficient is discussed. As the results, the energy loss becomes smallest when the sizes of rounding and chamfering are the same as those of the width of the lateral conduit similarly to the case of the branching angle of 90 degrees. The empirical formulae for the energy loss coefficients for the flow from the main conduit into the lateral conduit and for the straight-through flow are decided at the above sizes of rounding and chamfering, as expressed by equations (4) to (7).

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