Impacts of Heavy Application of Anaerobically Digested Slurry to Whole Crop Rice Cultivation in Paddy Environment on Water, Air and Soil Qualities

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  • 飼料イネ栽培へのメタン発酵消化液の多量投入が土壌、水質、大気環境に及ぼす影響
  • シリョウ イネ サイバイ エ ノ メタン ハッコウ ショウカエキ ノ タリョウ トウニュウ ガ ドジョウ スイシツ タイキ カンキョウ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

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We examined the impacts on water, air, and soil qualities of heavy application of anaerobically digested cattle slurry (ADS) to whole crop rice cultivation by using a lysimeter (1×1×0.5m). Four treatments were prepared in triplicate: A) chemical fertilizer (CF) was applied three times at 10g-Nm^<-2> each time (CF30), B) ADS was applied three times at 10g-Nm^<-2> each time (ADS30), C) ADS was applied seven times evenly with a total of 60g-Nm^<-2> (ADS60), D) ADS was applied six times in an increasing application pattern for a total of 60g-Nm^<-2> (ADSapt). Our findings were the following: 1) Rice growth was not inhibited by the ADS applications compared with that in CF30. With ADS application, the yield was high with biomass production over 1.9kg (dry basis) m^<-2>. 2) A total amount of N leaching was less than 4% of the N applied in all the treatment: the treatments. 3) More ammonia volatilized in the ADS treatments than in CF30; however, the ratio of soil ammonia volatilization to total N application was less in the ADS60 and ADSapt treatments than in the ADS treatments. 4) Methane emission was markedly higher in the ADS treatments than in CF30. With more ADS (ADS60 treatment) it increased to 1.5 to 1.7 times higher than in ADS30. Yet, methane emission was reduced by 10% in ADSapt treatment, compared with that of ADS60 in spite that both the treatments received the same amount of total ADS application. 5) There were no significant differences in the soil physico-chemical properties between before and after cultivation. In contrast, amounts of exchangeable K and Na in the soil after cultivation were higher with the ADS treatment than in the CF treatments. The same increasing trend was found in ADS60. 6) Applying ADS based on the growth stage of rice plant (ADSapt) was more environment-friendly and resulted in higher fertilization efficiency than even application of ADS during the growing period (ADS60).

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