Morphological and Physico-Chemical Properties of Soils in the Middle of Baja California, Mexico

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  • メキシコ・バハカリフォルニア半島中央部に分布する土壌の断面形態と理化学性
  • メキシコ バハカリフォルニア ハントウ チュウオウブ ニ ブンプ スル ドジョウ ノ ダンメン ケイタイ ト リ カガクセイ

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A soil survey of the middle of Baja California, Mexico, was conducted at two sites to investigate morphological, physical and chemical properties. The sites were Guerrero Negro and Jesus Maria. They were highly affected by quarternary aeolian deposits. The soil texture of Guerrero Negro was sandy. The soil classification of this site corresponded to Psamment (USDA Soil Taxonomy) or Aridic Arenosol (WRB). The sands of the area were transported and sedimented by the influence of a lagoon. The soil profile of the site consisted of three layers. The top layer was light yellowish in color with no accumulation of organic matter. The second layer was a hard brownish red layer with an abundance of gypsum. These two layers contained illite, kaolinite and smectite. The contents of illite and kaolinite were much higher than smectite. The third layer of the investigated profile was grayish yellow and composed of calcite. The soil texture of Jesus Maria, 40 km north of Guerrero Negro, was clay-like and had a slight degree of weathering. However, the degree of weathering in the upper layer was slightly stronger than that in the lower layer. The soil classification of this site corresponded to Orthent (USDA Soil Taxonomy) or Aridic Calcisol (WRB). The dry climate of the area resulted in a highly developed top layer structure as indicated by the rich clay contents. The lower layer was not identified with any particular structure. The soil profile of the site was mainly smectite. Deflocculation of the smectite, leading to the blockage of pores, resulted in hardening of the soil profile. These finding ssuggested that the various soil profiles in the middle of Baja California, Mexico, contain different deposit types.

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