Effect of the Digestion Sludge of Methane Fermentation on the Growth and Yield of Tomato Plants in Soil Culture

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  • メタン発酵消化液が養液土耕におけるトマトの生育と果実収量に及ぼす影響
  • メタン ハッコウ ショウカエキ ガ ヨウエキドコウ ニ オケル トマト ノ セイイク ト カジツ シュウリョウ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

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In experiment 1, the following two treatments were examined in order to evaluate the adaptability to masa-soil of the digestion sludge of methane fermentation ; one is to saturate ammonium fixation ability of masa-soil by supplying enough NH_4^+ to it before cultivation (pretreatment plot); the other is not to do so (no pretreatment plot). In the pretreatment plot, tomato plants showed strong ammonium toxicity symptoms. It was judged that the reason was that the NH_4^+ concentration in the soil became high when NH_4^+ was supplied in excess of the ammonium fixation ability of masa-soil. In the no pretreatment plot, ammonium toxicity symptoms were slightly reduced. The ammonium fixation ability of masa-soil was not saturated even if the application of digestion sludge was continued for the whole growing period. Therefore applied NH_4^+ was fixed to the soil, and absorption of NH_4^+ by tomato plants was restrained. However, it can be understood that the reduction effect of ammonium toxicity symptoms was small because of applied NH_4^+ not having carried out nitrification. In experiment 2, the field soil was compared with masa-soil in terms of the growth and yield of tomato plants. In this experiment, two acids were used in order to adjust the pH of the digestion sludge ; one was nitric acid (nitric treatment) ; the other was sulfuric acid (sulfuric treatment). The growth and yield of tomato plants in the field soil was better than those in masa-soil because the ammonium toxicity symptoms considerably declined with the progress of nitrification. In the field soil, the yield for the nitric treatment was equal to that in the control plot. However, the yield in the sulfuric treatment fell slightly because the ammonium toxicity symptoms were severe at harvest time. From the above results, we see the possibility of using the digestion sludge of methane fermentation as liquid fertilizer in the field soil by using nitric acid in order to adjust its pH.

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