ゴムのガラス平面上での摩擦

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タイトル別名
  • FRICTION OF RUBBER ON GLASS PLATE
  • ゴム ノ ガラス ヘイメン ジョウ デ ノ マサツ

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抄録

In order to study more clearly friction of rubber, real contact area of the flat specimens on a glass plate was obtained by optical manner.<br>This area measuring apparatus consists of a light source, a total reflecting prism and two photoelectric tubes and its attachments.<br>When the rubber touches really to the total reflecting plain of the total reflecting prism, the intensity of the reflecting light decreases in proportion to the increase of the contact area. Therefore it is possible to determine the real contact area by measuring the decrease of the light intensity.<br>The real contact area of conventionally molded samples increases by loading according to the following empirical equation.<br>S=S0(1-exp(-kW))<br>But in case of unloading, it begins to decrease and in small load range follows next equation.<br>S=AWn n<1<br>The above two empirical equations showed a histeresis curve.<br>As the result of measuring friction force and real contact area at the same time, just as the real contact area was decreased to 40-60 percent by adding lateral force, slipping appeared, and real contact area gradually decreased as the slipping velocity was increased.<br>The relation among contact area, load and friction force can be shown by the following semiempirical equation.<br>F=αS+μW<br>This equation consists of two therms, the latter term is the coulomb friction and the former is correction term due to remarkable real contactarea.<br>So α is considered to be the adhesive force due to a molecular force and μ is a material constant which is independent to the adhesive force of surface.<br>This equation can be applied to metal, because the real contact area is negligible small (αS_??_μW).<br>The above equation can be explained by the next integral equation on the whole real contact area S.<br>F=∫sfds<br>f is a function of temperature, slip speed and loading pressure. Under the constant condition of temp. and speed, it is shown by the following empirical equation of contact pressure p.<br>f=α+μp

収録刊行物

  • 日本ゴム協会誌

    日本ゴム協会誌 35 (3), 177-184, 1962

    一般社団法人 日本ゴム協会

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