Literature Review Revealed No Evidence of Yokuinin Efficacy for Seborrheic Keratosis

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  • ヨクイニンの脂漏性角化症（老人性疣贅）に対する 有効性の文献的検討
  • ヨクイニン ノ シロウセイ カッカショウ(ロウジンセイユウゼイ)ニ タイスル ユウコウセイ ノ ブンケンテキ ケントウ

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Yokuinin is an herbal medicine called kampo, which contains extract of Coix seeds, and is thought to modulate the immune response, making it effective for viral warts. Yokuinin is approved as both an over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription drug in Japan. Many commercial advertisements promote yokuinin for warts in Japan, and many patients with seborrheic keratosis, known as senile warts, ask dermatologists for a prescription. To determine whether its use is appropriate for treatment of seborrheic keratosis, approved indications for all formulations containing yokuinin were examined. The Igaku Chuo Zasshi and PubMed databases were searched for evidence of efficacy of yokuinin for seborrheic keratosis. Thirty-six prescription drugs and 172 OTC drugs were identified for assessment of indications. Among prescription drugs, two yokuinin extracts were indicated for verruca vulgaris and verruca plana juvenilis, and two makyoyokukanto formulations were indicated for warts. All 37 OTC drugs that primarily contained yokuinin were indicated for warts. Igaku Chuo Zasshi identified 453 manuscripts that discussed yokuinin and PubMed identified six. Three manuscripts mentioned both yokuinin and seborrheic keratosis, but none reported clinical evidence of efficacy for seborrheic keratosis. Based on these results, yokuinin is indicated for viral warts, but not for senile warts. Dermatologists should educate patients accordingly. Key words: Yokuinin, seborrheic keratosis, warts, indication, efficacy

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