Functions of Quotatives <i>Tte</i>, <i>To</i>, and Null Particle in Japanese Personal Narratives

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  • 体験談における引用助詞ッテ，ト，及び無助詞の機能
  • タイケンダン ニ オケル インヨウ ジョシ ッテ,ト,オヨビ ムジョシ ノ キノウ

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Abstract

<p>This paper quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed 44 oral personal narratives by celebrities, using the frameworks of Labovian narrative analysis (1972) and Thompson & Hunston’s evaluation (2000), to clarify the functions of the quotatives tte, to, and null particle, regarded as the most important and basic particles in Japanese quotation by Yamaguchi (2009). First, Sugiura’s (2007) claim of the exclusive use of tte for speech quotation, Yamaguchi’s claim that tte is confrontational and to is neutral, and the traditional politeness hypothesis were examined quantitatively. As a result, Sugiura’s claim was the most strongly supported by the significant tendency in which tte and the use of null particle appeared in quotations of speech, and to in quotations of thought. Next, the qualitative analysis, including exceptions in usage, demonstrated that tte can also be used for sequentially told thoughts as an automatic reaction to what is perceived by character-I, that null particle can be used for character-I’s thought that cannot be uttered situationally, and that to can be used at the beginning of narratives and utterances that trigger accidents and at the end of a series of conversations. From these analyses, this paper claims that essentially tte is a marker for the quotations perceived by the character-I in the storyworld, null particle for the quotations from each story character’s perspective in the storyworld, and to is a marker for the quotations from the narrator’s perspective in the narrating world.</p>

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