線引き廃止によるスプロール状況を考慮したコンパクトシティの検討

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タイトル別名
  • A STUDY ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF A COMPACT CITY CONSIDERED SPRAWL AREA BY ABOLISHING THE AREA DIVISION SYSTEM
  • センヒキ ハイシ ニ ヨル スプロール ジョウキョウ オ コウリョ シタ コンパクトシティ ノ ケントウ

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<p> By the development of motorization and increasing of population, sprawling the urban area and concentration of population to downtown became problems. The Area Division System (ADS) was enacted to respond to this problem in 1968. However, there are local cities where the operation of the ADS is an obstacle to revitalizing urban areas.</p><p> As the City Planning Act was revised, the ADS became selectivity by the local government. By abolishing the ADS, there are local governments that can control land use considering the actual situation of each region. However, due to the abolishing the ADS, it has been pointed out the urban structure will become more sprawling.</p><p> New problems such as increasing of the vacant lot and vacant house by the decline of the city, hollowing out of central city area, and pressure on municipal finance are pointed out due to the shift to decreasing birthrate and aging of the population society.</p><p> To construct an urban structure that responds to these problems, the Act on Special Measures concerning Urban Reconstruction was revised in 2014. Guidelines for establishing the Location Normalization Plan had been developed based on the idea of "Compact City plus Network" which is medical, welfare facility, commercial facility and residents are collectively located, and residents including elderly people can access these living convenience facilities by public transportation.</p><p> In this study, the target is governments that abolishing the ADS and formulated plans for site location optimization, considering the area where urban structure sprawl is progressing due to abolishing the ADS, make the population concentration tool that can examine the future urban structure, and build concentration urban structure model. We aim to examine the realistic future urban structure that local city should target in the future.</p><p> The results are as follows.</p><p> (1) As a result of building the future estimated population based on the population before the abolishing ADS and the future estimated population based on the population after abolishing the ADS, the future estimated population based on the population after abolishing the ADS has more than the future estimated population based on the population before the abolishing ADS. Even though the increase in population corresponds to the purpose of abolishing the ADS, the result of the model indicates the possibility of urban sprawl by decreasing population in the Use District and increasing population in the outside area of the Use District.</p><p> (2) As a result of the construction of concentration urban structure model with consideration of sprawling by the abolishing the ADS, the compact urban structure with a moderate population is constructed.</p><p> (3) According to two types of concentration urban structure model (with or without consideration of suburban sprawl), a result of the model without consideration of suburban sprawl showed the dotted distribution of the population in suburban areas. On the other hand, the model with consideration of suburban sprawl showed the urban structure which population concentrated in the meshes near the boundary of the Use District.</p>

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