Effect of ocean acidification on marine phytoplankton and biogeochemical cycles

Sugie Koji, Yoshimura Takeshi

doi:10.5928/kaiyou.20.5_101

<p>Increasing atmospheric CO₂ over the Anthropocene due to human activities has reduced seawater pH and it continues as long as burning fossil fuels. In this review, we summarize and discuss the methodology of ocean acidification study and the effects of ocean acidifica tion on phytoplankton and biogeochemical cycle of nutrients. In addition, we compare the pH variability and phytoplankton dynamics over the past 60 million years with the recent phゃnomenon of ocean acidification. We found that: (1) there is a significant lack of knowledge on the effect of ocean acidification because previous studies were not examined using subpolar to polar phytoplankton species and also not considered their habitat and life cycle. (2) We should study the effect of pH on dissolved inorganic Fe(II) bioavailability relative to dissolved inorganic Fe(III) species and the availability of Fe(III)-ligand complex. The role of Fe(II) and chemical structureof the ligand are also important issues. (3) Particulate organic carbon to phosphorus ratio increased in response to the decrease in pH whereas particulate organic carbon to nitrogen ratio was unaffected by pH. However, there is a lack of knowledge with regard to the effect of ocean acidification on dissolved organic matter and silicic acid dynamics. (4) We should study further the interactive effects of pH and trace metals especially for iron on N₂ fixation rate by cyanobacteria to improve our knowledge about nitrogen cycle.</p>

Effect of ocean acidification on marine phytoplankton and biogeochemical cycles

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