Working Practices and Life Strategies of <i>Ger</i> Area Residents in Ulaanbaatar

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  • ウランバートル・ゲル地区における居住者の就労と生活戦略
  • ウランバートル ・ ゲル チク ニ オケル キョジュウシャ ノ シュウロウ ト セイカツ センリャク

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Abstract

<p>The purpose of this study is to understand how current life is related to past careers and future prospects by focusing on the lives of ger area residents. The labor market in Mongolia is characterized by multi-faceted gender biases and ageism. The methods and results of job searches are influenced by the educational background and applicable personal connections. Previous studies have decisively pointed out that in ger areas the household economy is characterized by precarity and instability. This article reveals that the residents’ types of work are considerably diverse; from miscellaneous informal labor to professional occupations. However, it is difficult to sustain the household economy without combining multiple sources of income. In order to maintain and improve their living standards, many households have members who practice various side jobs. The current living standards and future life prospects are influenced by the personal careers, which are constructed upon the past migration experiences and educational backgrounds. Households with wives who have migrated to Ulaanbaatar to enter university and have stable jobs tend to depict concrete prospects for the future. Some residents have worked or plan to work overseas in order to realize relocation to an apartment and to provide a good education for children. The making of their living of residents in ger areas is neither confined to Ulaanbaatar nor Mongolia, but transcends globally along with diverse and multi-layered social relationships. Considering the difference in potential to realize future prospects among the residents, this article also suggests the possibility of social stratification in Ulaanbaatar.</p>

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