The search for a predictor of deterioration of the nonspecific stress index K6 among urban residents: The KOBE study

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  • TAYA Hajime
    Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine
  • KUWABARA Kazuyo
    Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe
  • HIGASHIYAMA Aya
    Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe Department of Preventive Cardiology and Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
  • SUGIYAMA Daisuke
    Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe Keio University Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care
  • HIRATA Aya
    Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe
  • SATA Mizuki
    Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe
  • HIRATA Takumi
    Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine
  • NISHIDA Yoko
    Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe
  • KUBO Sachimi
    Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe
  • KUBOTA Yoshimi
    Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine
  • KADOTA Aya
    Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science
  • MIYAMATSU Naomi
    Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe Department of Clinical Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science
  • NISHIMURA Kunihiro
    Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
  • MIYAMOTO Yoshihiro
    Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
  • OKAMURA Tomonori
    Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at Kobe

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Other Title
  • 都市住民における非特異的ストレス指標K6の悪化予測因子の探索：神戸研究
  • トシ ジュウミン ニ オケル ヒトクイテキ ストレス シヒョウ K6 ノ アッカ ヨソク インシ ノ タンサク : コウベ ケンキュウ

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Abstract

<p>Objective　To explore health-related and socioeconomic factors that can predict future deterioration in Psychological Distress Scale (K6) scores.</p><p>Method　We conducted a baseline (2010, 2011) self-administered questionnaire survey of the Kobe Orthopedic and Biomedical Epidemiological study (KOBE study) involving 1,117 participants who had no previous history of cancer or cardiovascular diseases and were not under treatment for hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia. We used the Japanese K6 as an indicator of stress and defined K6≧5 points as a high-stress group and K6<5 points as a low-stress group. A four-year follow-up survey (2014, 2015) was conducted on 1,004 people (follow-up rate of 90%). We excluded 39 participants with missing values, and 185 people whose K6 score was higher than 5 points at baseline. A final total of 780 participants' scores were examined for: gender, age, living situation, physical activity level, average sleep time, as well as the K6 score, the Japanese Hearing Handicap Inventory for Elderly (HHIE-S), and the Japanese Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). We conducted a logistic regression analysis using K6≧5 points at the four-year follow-up survey as the dependent variable and each factor at the baseline survey as the independent variable.</p><p>Results　Of the 780 subjects analyzed, 132 (16.9%) were highly stressed (K6≧5 points) at the four-year follow-up point. A logistic regression analysis found age (40s/70s) (odds ratio 3.38, 95% confidence interval 1.45-7.86), living situation (single/living together) (odds ratio 1.98, 95% confidence interval 1.07-3.68), and ODI scores (every 1%) (odds ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.09), to all be significantly associated with high stress.</p><p>Conclusion　This study suggests that age, living situation, and ODI scores are related to future stress.</p>

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