公民館からコミュニティセンター等への移行実態からみた社会教育行政の課題と方策

<p> The number of Kominkan, original name of public hall in japan, nationwide has been declining ever since 1999, and the shift of Kominkan to Community centers is considered to be the main reason. Even in Izumo City, with in Shimane prefecture, where Kominkan have been very popular, the transition of Kominkan to Community centers started in 2005.</p><p> In this study, we analyze the process of transition and the changes in facility management, usage status, and etc., for the local governments that have moved to Community centers in Shimane Prefecture, and clarify the effects and issues of the transition.</p><p> Due to the shift from Kominkan to Community centers in Shimane Prefecture, the number of users per building has increased, and the number of staff has increased as well. Also, the percentage of full-time directors has increased, but the number of years they work will decrease. Furthermore, the annual budget has decreased, and the amount collected from each household has increased, which has a major impact on the operational aspect as a project cost. While the purpose of the transition is, “to provide a place for community development such as voluntary activities of residents and to solve local problems," the function of the conventional Kominkan is to be left, and, "the purpose of the Kominkan under the social education law," is also described. Regarding the business and operations of the facilities after the transition, in some places, while it includes "operations related to community development, operations related to lifelong learning and social education, operations related to administrative services, and operations related to welfare services," are also included. In some places, business is diversifying due to the move to Community centers. In addition, although the situation varies depending on the local government, the relationship with the chief department and the Board of Education will change due to the transition, and efforts for staff development will tend to decrease. On the other hand, efforts for regional development such as, “Regional Management Organization" are being actively promoted.</p><p> The Shimane Prefectural Board of Education has been proactively developing support measures for Kominkan, etc., and is characterized by a proposal-based project and a substantial training system. Particularly noteworthy is that, while some municipalities are moving to Community centers, it is positioned as a facility where Kominkan activities will continue after the transition, and the activities are subsidized and staff training is conducted.</p><p> Where a Kominkan has been moved to community center as a base for promoting regional development by a regional management organization or a small base, the jurisdiction will be transferred to the head office and self-management is required. The relationship with the government will also change, and the relationship with the Board of Education will be diluted. For this reason, the content of human resource development related to community development, which the Board of Education has been working on, is rarely included in the project. In other words, due to the shift to Community centers the conventional social education business will not continue and human resource development will become difficult. When transitioning to Community centers the relationship with the Board of Education and the use of social education will be vital to making the Community center a regional hub.</p>