Characterization and Distribution of Agar-degrading <i>Steroidobacter agaridevorans</i> sp. nov., Isolated from Rhizosphere Soils

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  • Ikenaga Makoto
    Research Field in Agriculture, Agriculture Fisheries and Veterinary Medicine Area, Kagoshima University The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
  • Kataoka Machi
    Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
  • Yin Xuan
    Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
  • Murouchi Aya
    Graduate School of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
  • Sakai Masao
    Research Field in Agriculture, Agriculture Fisheries and Veterinary Medicine Area, Kagoshima University The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University

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  • Characterization and Distribution of Agar-degrading Steroidobacter agaridevorans sp. nov., Isolated from Rhizosphere Soils

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Abstract

<p>The environment of plant rhizosphere soil differs from that of non-rhizosphere soil due to the secretion of mucilage polysaccharides from the roots. This environment is regarded as one of the preferential habitats for agar-degrading bacteria. In a previous study, agar-degrading Steroidobacter agariperforans KA5-BT was isolated from agar-enriched agricultural soil using diffusible metabolites from Rhizobiales bacteria. Based on the hypothesis that similar characteristic bacteria still exist in the rhizosphere, isolation was performed using rhizosphere soils. Agar-degrading SA29-BT and YU21-B were isolated from onion and soybean rhizosphere soils. The 16S rRNA genes of these strains showed ≥98.7% identities with the most closely related strain KA5-BT. However, differences were noted in polysaccharide utilization, and average nucleotide identities were <95–96% against strain KA5-BT, indicating that they are different species from S. agariperforans KA5-BT. To investigate the distribution of bacterial sequences affiliated with novel strains, a primer set was designed and a meta-analysis of the 16S rRNA gene was performed. Sequences were widely distributed in rhizospheres throughout Japan, but varied in plant- and region-dependent manners. Regarding phenotypic characterization, distinguishable features were observed in growth temperatures, pH, and dominant fatty acids. SA29-BT and YU21-B grew at 15–40°C and pH 6.0–12 and contained C16:0 as the dominant cell fatty acid, whereas KA5-BT showed no growth at 40°C and pH 12 and contained a moderate amount of C16:0. Based on these characteristics, SA29-BT (JCM 333368T=KCTC 72223T) and YU21-B (JCM 333367=KCTC 72222) represent novel species in the genus Steroidobacter, for which the name Steroidobacter agaridevorans sp. nov. is proposed.</p>

Journal

  • Microbes and Environments

    Microbes and Environments 36 (1), n/a-, 2021

    Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles

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