MEASURING THE VALUE OF FREIGHT TRAVEL TIME SAVINGS USING A SPATIAL COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL

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  • 応用一般均衡モデルを利用した貨物輸送の時間短縮価値の推計

Abstract

<p>Most of domestic freight are carried by cars, where roads play vital roles. In assessing transportation facilities such as roads, values of time is the significant index, where time is evaluated in terms of money. The value of freight travel time savings (VFTTS) have been defined and estimated based on opportunity costs of factors or willingness-to-pay for reducing transportation time. However, these are microscopic approaches which deal with each instance. Moreover, conventional methods cannot analyze the effects of specific conditions on VFTTS, such as disruptions of the supply chains right after natural disasters. A new methodology is required to understand roles of roads and plan them properly. In this study, it is hypothesized that freight transportations affect society and the economy through logistics and supply chains. VFTTS is newly defined by using the increment of economic welfare and the decrement of total freight transportation time caused by road improvements. To calculate these variables, a standard spatial computable general equilibrium model which assumes perfect competition is used. Moreover, parameters are set exogenously to reproduce the disaster on the model, which enables us to measure VFTTS right after natural disasters. These parameters in case of emergency had been estimated in a previous study to reproduce the damage of the Great East Japan Earthquake. As the results of simulation, it has been clarified that previous studies ignored the ripple effects and underestimated VFTTS. Moreover, it has demonstrated that VFTTS would rise right after natural disasters.</p>

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