Regulatory mechanisms of root cap development and physiological functions

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  • Keiji Nakajima
    Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology

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  • 根冠組織の発生と生理機能の制御機構
  • コンカン ソシキ ノ ハッセイ ト セイリ キノウ ノ セイギョ キコウ

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Abstract

<p>Root caps are commonly found at the tip of plant roots.　Root caps not only serve as a physical protectant of the root meristem, but also execute a wide variety of physiological functions important for root and shoot growth, such as gravity-sensing, lubrication, and rhizosphere interaction.　While the knowledge on root cap functions has been obtained mostly from crop species such as pea and maize, which have thick roots and thus are suitable for root tip handling, recent molecular genetics and imaging analyses of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have identified key factors regulating root cap differentiation, as well as those implementing root cap-specific functions and cellular dynamics.　These studies now started to address how this complex plant tissue is generated and how its physiological functions are executed at genetic and molecular levels.　In this review, I first introduce current knowledge on basic structures and developmental regulation of root caps, and then discuss how the structures and cellular dynamics unique to the root caps contribute to their specific functions, as well as to optimizing root development and plant growth.</p>

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