Persistence of the Supracardinal Veins in Two Calves

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  • Persistence of the supracardinal veins

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ABSTRACT Malformations of the caudal vena cava were found in two male Holstein-Friesian calves. Cases 1 and 2 were clinically diagnosed as arthritis and intestinal atresia, respectively. Both calves died soon after birth. Case 1: The com- mon trunk, which consisted of the right and left common iliac veins, ran forward just beneath the vertebral column passing through the aortic hiatus, and then enter- ing the coronary sinus by way of the left azygos vein. The other venous trunk originated from the junction of the right and left renal veins and ran normally thereafter. Reduction of the cervical vertebrae, and hypoplasia of the colon, thymus and hypophysis were also observed. Case 2: The common trunk received a renal vein from the horseshoe kidney, passed through the diaphragm on the right side of the aortic hiatus of normal case and emptied into the cranial vena cava by way of the right azygos vein. The hepatic veins passed separately through the foramen venae cavae and entered the right atrium. An abnormal aorta was de- tached and hung from the vertebral column. Atresia coli, cryptorchidism and wry tail were also observed. The above findings showed that the left supracardinal vein in Case 1 and the right one in Case 2 had existed during their embryological life.

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