A Study on Multiethnic Coexistence in Post-Soviet Central Asia: The Social Integration of the Koryo Saram in Contemporary Kazakhstan

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  • LEE Jinhye
    日本学術振興会外国人特別研究員 立命館大学立命館アジア・日本研究機構

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  • 中央アジアにおける多民族共存と少数民族の動態的研究： 現代カザフスタンのコリョ・サラムの社会統合
  • チュウオウ アジア ニ オケル タミンゾク キョウソン ト ショウスウ ミンゾク ノ ドウタイテキ ケンキュウ : ゲンダイ カザフスタン ノ コリョ ・ サラム ノ シャカイ トウゴウ

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<p>Kazakhstan, a country in Central Asia, has not succeeded in securing a stablepopulation of Kazakhs, as a titular ethnic group. With a large Russian population,there was tension within the society. It was only in 1999, after nearly two decades ofindependence, that the Kazakh population made up the majority in Kazakhstan. SinceKazakhs were Russianized during the Soviet era, they faced a number of problems inresponding to the integration of the government based on Kazakh centralism, eventhough they are a titular ethnic group in post-independent Kazakhstan. Non-Kazakhminority communities, such as Koryo Saram（Korean Diaspora in the former SovietUnion）, Germans, and Uyghurs, also face complicated factors in maintaining theirethnic cultures and forming their identities, due to their relationships with theirhistorical homelands and international situations. Their response to Kazakhstan’sintegration has also been changing accordingly.The purpose of this report is to examine aspects of multiethnic coexistence inKazakhstan in terms of both theory and reality, by focusing on minorities, includingthe Koryo Saram in contemporary Kazakhstan. Specifically, the study adopts threemethods: First, it seeks theoretical support for multiracial coexistence in Kazakhstan.Second, it examines the definition of diaspora and Korean diaspora according to theDiaspora Studies. Third, it attempts to understand the relationship between the KoryoSaram and the majority（Kazakhs）, and the relationship between the Koryo Saram</p>

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