Establishment of Praise as a Conditioned Reinforcer Through Contingent Pairing: Children With Developmental Disabilities For Whom Praise Had Not Been Established as a Conditioned Reinforcer

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  • 称賛が条件性強化子として成立していない発達障害児における随伴ペアリングによる称賛の条件性強化子成立の検討
  • ショウサン ガ ジョウケンセイ キョウカコ ト シテ セイリツ シテ イナイ ハッタツ ショウガイジ ニ オケル ズイハン ペアリング ニ ヨル ショウサン ノ ジョウケンセイ キョウカコ セイリツ ノ ケントウ

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Abstract

<p>Study objective: To examine whether praise could be established and maintained as a conditioned reinforcer for the behavior of children with developmental disabilities for whom praise had not been established as a conditioned reinforcer. Design: ABCB design (hand clapping) or AB design (touching a supporter’s hand). Setting: A playroom at a university. Participants: 2 children with developmental disabilities. Measures: Frequency of hand clapping and touching the supporter’s hand. Intervention: 80 rounds of contingent pairing of praise (as a neutral stimulus that they had rarely heard in their daily lives) and food (as a reinforcer). Results: Both participants’ hand clapping occurred more frequently during the praise period after contingent pairing than before the pairing. Moreover, 1 child’s hand clapping occurred with a high frequency during the praise period after contingent pairing and was maintained for 6 blocks. Touching the supporter’s hand without contingent pairing also occurred more frequently for 1 child during the praise period than during the cessation period. Conclusion: The results of the present study support the efficacy of 80 rounds of contingent pairing for establishing and maintaining praise as a conditioned reinforcer.</p>

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