IgG Antibodies, SARS-CoV-2 Load, and Prognostic Indicators in Patients with Severe and Mild COVID-19 in Japan
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- Kashiwagi Katsuhito
- Department of General Medicine and Emergency Care (Infectious Diseases), Toho University Omori Medical Center
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- Maeda Tadashi
- Department of General Medicine and Emergency Care (Infectious Diseases), Toho University Omori Medical Center
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- Yoshizawa Sadako
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine
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- Sato Takahiro
- Department of General Medicine and Emergency Care (Infectious Diseases), Toho University Omori Medical Center Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine
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- Aoki Kotaro
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine
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- Ishii Yoshikazu
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine
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- Tateda Kazuhiro
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine
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Description
<p>We assessed the association of severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) load, IgG antibody level, and prognostic indicators.Twenty-one patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were classified as having severe or mild disease on the basis of average respiratory rate during hospitalization (severe: ≥22 breaths/min; mild: <22 breaths/min). Viral load in nasopharyngeal samples, blood levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), lymphocytes, and D-dimer on admission and plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) index on Day 7±2 after symptom onset were compared in relation to disease severity. Seven patients had severe disease and 14 had mild disease. Those with severe disease had a significantly higher IgG index (median: 3.75 vs 0.56, p=0.01) and CRP (median: 8.6 vs 1.0 mg/dL, p<0.001) and D-dimer levels (median: 1.65 vs 0.75 μg/mL; p=0.002) and a significantly lower lymphocyte count (median: 1,176 vs 666 cells/μL, p=0.005) and viral load (median: 8.7×106 vs 2.3×104 copies/mL, p=0.005). Furthermore, time from symptom onset to virus disappearance was significantly longer in severe patients (median: 24 vs 17 days, p=0.03). A high IgG index in the early phase of the disease was associated with severe disease and might serve as a prognostic indicator.</p>
Journal
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- Journal of Nippon Medical School
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Journal of Nippon Medical School 88 (4), 380-383, 2021-08-25
The Medical Association of Nippon Medical School
