Structure and implementation of the central library system in Japan

Purpose: In 1933, the Central Library System (CLS) was established by amendment of the Library Ordinance and it had been valid until 1950. After World War II, CLS was criticized mainly as it served as an introduction to Proper Guidance of Thought. However, the details of CLS have not been fully clarified. In this research, I examine (1) the regulations concerning the CLS and its implementation system, (2) the level of implementation of the programs by CLS, and (3) the relationship between CLS and censorship of ideas and Proper Guidance of Thought.Methods: A literature survey was adopted for the research, and the main documents used were surveys conducted by the Ministry of Education and the Central Library General Association, the bulletin of central libraries, and the history of prefectural libraries.Results: This research demonstrates that (1a) the management power of public libraries was delegated from the central government, (1b) the enforcement of law and regulations were weak and inadequate, (1c) an administrative system that detours the local minister was established, and (1d) financial aid was insufficient; (2) Many central libraries had already implemented many of the programs that were later introduced under the CLS. Thus, the impact of the establishment of the CLS was limited; and (3) the CLS was involved with censorship to a certain degree while its involvement was indirect and passive. CLS was also involved in the Proper Guidance of Thought.