The Recent<i> Nomō/Nondō</i>-Type Change in Hachijō Verb Conjugation Compared to the Shift from <i>Nomeri</i> to <i>Nomitari</i> in Old Japanese

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  • 八丈方言における新たな変化と上代語
  • ハチジョウ ホウゲン ニ オケル アラタ ナ ヘンカ ト ジョウダイゴ

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Abstract

<p>The Hachijō dialect has retained many grammatical features of eastern dialects of Old Japanese in the Nara Period, which can be observed in the Azumauta of the Man’yōshū. This paper gives an outline of studies on the Hachijō dialect as well as a brief description of the dialect itself as it is spoken in its traditional form. The position of this dialect as an endangered language and a recent verb conjugation change are discussed. The change in question concerns the strong conjugation, in which the ari-type forms that express both perfective and past (e.g., nomō) are being replaced with simplified tari-type forms (e.g., nondō). Remarkably, a similar change—represented by the shift from nomeri to nomitari—occurred during the transition from Old (Nara Period) Japanese to Early Middle (Heian Period) Japanese, which led to the disappearance of nomeri-type forms. This fact suggests that all perfective forms of verbs before the Nara Period might have been of the (nomiari>) nomeri-type, and that the shift to (nomiteari>) nomitari took place initially in the weak conjugation and later in the strong conjugation.</p>

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