先土器新石器時代の移牧春営地とダム : ヨルダン南部、ワディ・アブ・トレイハ遺跡の考古学的調査(第19回名古屋大学年代測定総合研究センターシンポジウム平成18(2006)年度報告,第2 部)

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  • An Agro-pastoral Outpost and Barrage System at Wadi Abu Tulayha, Southern Jordan(Proceedings of the 19^<th> Symposium on Chronological Studies at the Nagoya University Center for Chronological Research in 2006,Part 2)

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This paper discusses the date of an agro-pastoral outpost and barrage system recently found at Wadi Abu Tulayha, a small composite site in the northwestern part of the al-Jafr basin, southern Jordan. Excavated evidence, including the predominance of Amuq type points and the construction of semi-subterranean rectangular structures, suggests that both of these can be dated to the final phase of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B or b.c. 6,500-6,000. Given this, the finding would enable us to discuss the origin of irrigation agriculture as well as pastoral nomadism in the Near East tracing back as far as to their very beginning. Available evidence suggests that short-range transhumance intervened between sedentary herding in the PPNB period and pastoral nomadism in the Late Neolithic period, and that small-scale basin irrigation based on stone-built simple barrages had already been established at the destination of transhumance, in advance of the invasion of Neolithic farmers into alluvial plains during the post-PPNB horizon. C-14 dating now in progress would hopefully corroborate this perspective.

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