An Overview of International Student Adjustment Studies in Japan

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  • <資料>在日外国人留学生の適応研究の総括
  • 在日外国人留学生の適応研究の総括
  • ザイニチ ガイコクジン リュウガクセイ ノ テキオウ ケンキュウ ノ ソウカツ

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Abstract

Research on the adjustment of international students in Japan is still a relatively unexplored area of study. However, the need for it has become pronounced within the recent years, as our nation has readied itself to accept the lot of its projected 100,000 students by the early 2000's. Existing research has been repeatedly conducted by a small handful of investigators, and has concentrated mainly on self-report questionnaires. Although some studies have taken on a longitudinal design, most have not attempted to monitor adjustment as an ongoing developing process, but have opted to gain large cross-sectional samples. The indices of adjustment employed include host images, gaps between expectation and reality, amount of difficulty in coping, psychological stress and multiple factor inventories. In reference to the various hypotheses of cross-cultural adjustment, the U-curve, national status and association hypotheses have been investigated. Findings reported have discovered that a general U-curve pattern is not applicable to these students, that Asian students are generally not as well adjusted relative to Western students, and that the amount of support available from Japanese sources is not necessarily facillitative of adjustment. This paper provides a summary of existing research and gives some directives on future investigations.

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