シリア，テル・ガーネム・アル・アリ遺跡から出土する石器の岩質分類と石材産地の考察

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  • Lithological backgrounds of the stone tools from the Tell Ghanem al-Ali archaeological site in Syria
  • シリア テル ガーネム アル アリ イセキ カラ シュツド スル セッキ ノ ガンシツ ブンルイ ト セキザイ サンチ ノ コウサツ

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In order to clarify Semitic tribalism from geoscientific points of view, we attempted to identify the lithological backgrounds of the stone tools that were found at the Tell Ghanem al-Ali, one of the Early Bronze Age sites located in the Middle Euphrates, through the lithological compositions of the stone tools and gravels from the gravel beds. More than 400 samples were randomly chosen out of the registered stone tools, and approximately 500 stone tool samples were additionally collected from the surface of the tell excluding the excavation areas. More than 90% of the stone tools were found to be flint (fine silicious tuff) and more than 80% of the stone tools have the natural surfaces of gravels. It is quite rare but a few stone-tool-originated gravels were recycled as stone tools. Flint at the 5 locations of Quaternary sediments along the Euphrates was 1–25% and the most of the stone tools found at the Tell Ghanem al-Ali have natural surfaces of gravels. The high percentage of the flint among the stone tools despite the low percentage in the original beds also indicates that the people lived in this area in Early Bronze Age had a knowledge to identify proper rock types for stone tools.

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