日本語における否定と焦点の関係について

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • On Negation and Focus in Japanese
  • ニホンゴニオケルヒテイトショウテンノカンケイニツイテ

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抄録

In this paper we will examine Kuno's theory on negation in Japanese. He hypothesizes that the scope of negation does not extend over a verb or adjective that immediately precedes it in a sentence. This a little surprising hypothesis (since propositional negation is also used in Japanese) has been influencing semantic or syntactic research on negation, and also challenged by many researchers. His analysis of negation in Japanese is mainly based on the concepts of foci and the scope of negation. But exactly how these two concepts are involved in negation (or not) is still in debate. There is another issue in his analysis that has often been argued in literature. He proposes that negative sentences in Japanese be classified into two types of information structures. However, as he himself admits, he uses these concepts without rigid definition. There are two purposes in this paper. One is to show that the two information structures he made a distinction of can be resolved into a relationship between foci and alternative sets of them. The other is to examine if his hypothesis is valid in terms of the scope of negation.

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