不耕起ダイズ作における基肥省略が土壌養分に及ぼす影響

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タイトル別名
  • The effect of omission of basal dressing for no-tillage soybean on the soil nutrient status in rice based cropping system
  • フコウキダイズサク ニ オケル キヒ ショウリャク ガ ドジョウ ヨウブン ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

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説明

Because of the poor yield response of soybean to chemical fertilizer, many farmers cultivate soybean without this　treatment, although there is a concern about soil degradation. Field experiment was conducted when the cropping　sequence was as follows: rice, wheat and soybean, in order to examine the effects of fertilizer omission and removal　of rice and wheat residues on subsequent soybean yield and the nutrient content of the soil. In addition, the nitrogen　composition of soybean field soil with and without basal fertilizer was studied in the farmer's fields in staple soybean　cropping area.　　The omission of basal fertilizer for soybean did not cause yield reduction. The results of soil chemical analysis after　soybean cropping indicated a significant difference in exchangeable potassium, but not in total nitrogen and inorganic　nitrogen, between the conditions with and without basal fertilizer. A slight decline in available phosphorus levels was　also observed with basal fertilizer omission. The restoration of rice and wheat straw did not influence the yield of　following soybean, or the total nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen content of the soil, but it reduced available phosphorus　content of the soil.　　Nitrogen composition of the no-tillage soybean field soil with and without basal fertilizer was determined by　the sequential extraction method. No significant difference was observed in the amount of total nitrogen and the　composition of nitrogen between the conditions with and without basal fertilizer. Although a slight decline in available　phosphorus levels was also observed in the fields without fertilizer, this decline could not be ascribed to fertilizer　omission because of the higher crop yield and phosphorus uptake observed in these fields.　　According to our results, the omission of basal fertilizer for no-tillage soybean does not have any detrimental effects　on soybean yield and nitrogen status; however, it is necessary to monitor the levels of exchangeable potassium and　available phosphorus by soil diagnosis.

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