Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Hawkers and the Hawking School

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  • 豊臣秀吉の鷹匠とその流派
  • トヨトミ ヒデヨシ ノ タカジョウ ト ソノ リュウハ

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Abstract

This study comprehensively considers the genealogy of hawkers who served Japanese sovereign, Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1537-1598). He aimed to secure the excellent hawkers who had the technology of catching cranes or geese by using northern goshawks. This study illuminates the history of the 22 hawkers who had charge of Hideyoshi's hawks and the people related to hawking. This study concludes that Hideyoshi reemployed Oda Nobunaga's previous hawkers and, in turn, Tokugawa Ieyasu gradually accepted them or their descendants. One of these hawkers, Yoshida Taemon, who became the founder of the Yoshida school, took over the position overseeing the Tokugawa Shogun's Hawking Arts. The bird of prey used in hunting changed from sparrow hawks to northern goshawks, and the hawk's prey changed from pheasants to cranes in 16th century Japan. The new technology of catching cranes with northern goshawks was in demand, and this social request caused a paradigm shift in knowledge (知 Chi) concerning hawking culture.

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