Sentence Pattern Consciousness in Elementary Japanese Textbooks : With Special Reference to iru & aru sentence Patterns

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  • 初級日本語教科書の文型意識 : イル・アル文型を例として
  • ショキュウ ニホンゴ キョウカショ ノ ブンケイ イシキ イル アル ブンケイ オ レイ ト シテ

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With special reference to the usage of iru and aru sentence patterns for the expression of the existence of animate and inanimate things in Japanese, this paper discusses where sentence pattern consciousness of language textbook authors appears; what learning information a textbook with clear sentence pattern consciousness gives their readers, what information a textbook lacking sentence pattern consciousness conveys; and what language teachers should do in order to combine sentence pattern consciousness with teaching communicative skills. Keeping these communicative functions in mind, the author of this paper first categorizes iru and aru sentence patterns into three kinds, namely, SP (sentence pattern) ? [thing noun ga place noun ni iru / aru]; SP ? [thing noun wa place noun ni iru / aru]; and SP ? [place noun niwa thing noun ga iru / aru], and describes the meaning and function of each sentence pattern. Through the examination of the distribution of these patterns in text conversations and usage drills and the grammatical explanations of those three sentence patterns in ten different elementary Japanese textbooks, it becomes clear that textbooks without a clear sentence pattern consciousness cannot provide their users with any effective learning information. It is also maintained that textbooks without clear sentence pattern consciousness also fail to assist their users in learning if their sentence pattern consciousness is not supported by consciousness of the communicative functions of these patterns.

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