多面的領域としての“個人道徳"の概念とその心理学的研究の展望

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  • タメンテキ リョウイキ ト シテ ノ コジン ドウトク ノ ガイネン ト ソノ シンリガクテキ ケンキュウ ノ テンボウ

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Everyday social judgments and behavior are the result of a coordination of concepts from three domains: moral，so cial，a nd personal (Turiel，19 98). Whereas there may be few cultural differences in these concepts themselves，their unique coordination might produce large differences in different cultures (Turiel，20 02). Social behavior in everyday life are not decided by one concept from one domain，but rather they are dependent on ab alance between respecting individual freedom and rights，and welfare of others. For example，caring for one's family，volunteer activities，a nd consideration for others，are all based on the same moral elements: influencing the happiness and welfare of others. They are also behavior for which an individual's need should be respected. Situations involving individual freedom， the right of self determination，and socio-moral factors are defined as personal-moral issues. Personal-moral judgments are considered to reflect moral consciousness leading to good relations between the self and the society，or to positive interactions between the self and the social world. In this artic1e，s ocial domain theory about moral development and empirical researches about the moral judgment in the cultural context are reviewed. The directions of the psychological research about the personal-moral issues are discussed.

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