<Articles>A Comparative Study of the Five Declarations of the Rights of Man

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  • <論説>フランス革命と人権宣言
  • フランス革命と人権宣言
  • フランス カクメイ ト ジンケン センゲン

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Abstract

During the French Revolution there appeared many "Declarations of Rights of Man." If we confine ourselves to those which were publicly drafted and declared, there were at least three except the first famous Declaration of 1789----the Girondist Declaration of 1793 which was drafted by Condorcet, the Montagnard Declaration of June in the same year, and the Declaration of Rights and Duties of 1795. Besides them we find not few private drafts of declaration, though the declarations publicly announced were prefixed to the Constitutions and considered as inseparately connected with them. Here I want to treat them apart from the Constitutions together with the Robespierre's and to point out that all of these declarations are apparently abstract and formal, but when we consider them in the light of the historical background by which they were produced, we find in them those historical forces reflected----the burning stages of the Revolution, the political and social ideals of the classes who have participated in the drafts and their promulgations. The most characteristic of all these crying articles, however, is the legislation on property, and except that of Robespierre each of them is pierced through the bourgeoi idea which takes the right of property for sacred and inviolable. In view of these analysis I suggest that these declarations are but the brief expressions of bourgeoi democratic society.

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  • 史林

    史林 35 (1), 1-37, 1952-05-01

    THE SHIGAKU KENKYUKAI (The Society of Historical Research), Kyoto University

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