Finding a Place in the City: Spatial Securitization in the Western World

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After the terrorist attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001, the agenda of the Western World became defined by security. The idea of “national security” became insufficient for the new dangers of global terror. While the paradigm of “human security” can be used as justification for the invasion of other countries, nevertheless at the same time the individual also becomes the target. The location of “the enemy” has no borders; he must be searched for even within the state—a search which undermines the rights of the citizens it is ostensibly protecting. From the perspective of Securitization theory, the internal enemy can therefore be invoked in order to securitize city space.This case study looks at American Muslims, under increased scrutiny by security forces and non-governmental actors since 9/11. A focal point in this conflict has been the controversy over the construction of Park51 Community Center, a mosque and cultural center two blocks from Ground Zero, New York City. The core of this study looks at the project of the “Ground Zero Mosque” asan expression of the American Muslim community’s right to belong to the city; and the resulting contention over it as a denial of this right.

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