Simulated pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and leukopenia induced with influenza A/H5N1virus infection and its treatment with immunoglobulins

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  • Modeling and Simulation in Applied Mathematics : Proceedings of Annual Workshop on Modeling and Simulation in Applied Mathematics, December 20, 2015 JOSAI UNIVERSITY

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Background: Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a major symptom of infection with influenza A/H5N1virus. Patients with influenza A/H5N1 suffer from leukopenia, which is regarded as a prognostic factor of cellular injury associated with ARDS. Nevertheless, the association of cellular injury with leukopenia remains unclear. Methods and findings: A within-host mathematical model, a system of delay differential equations of virus dynamics and immune response, was applied to ascertain influenza pathogenesis. When leukocytes destroy infected cells, the ratio of leukocyte destruction becomes higher in the case of A/H5N1. Moreover, a comparison of therapies for leukopenia using the model reveals that immunoglobulin therapy is more effective than neuraminidase therapy. Conclusion: Simulations show that the increased ratio of destruction of leukocytes induces leukopenia and cellular injury of A/H5N1. Furthermore, results of simulations demonstrate the possibility of immunoglobulin therapy for treating leukopenia associated with influenza A/H5N1.

Modeling and Simulation in Applied Mathematics : Proceedings of Annual Workshop on Modeling and Simulation in Applied Mathematics, held at Josai Unversity on December 20 in 2015 / edited by Masahiro FUJITA, Manabu INUMA, Takahiro TSUCHIYA, Hidenori YASUDA

identifier:JOS-13447777-0909

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