Relationship between <i>Escherichia coli</i> virulence factors, notably <i>kpsMTII</i>, and symptoms of clinical metritis and endometritis in dairy cows

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  • YAMAMURA Fuminosuke
    Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
  • SUGIURA Tomochika
    Laboratory of Theriogenology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
  • MUNBY Montgomery
    Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
  • SHIOKURA Yusei
    Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
  • MURATA Ryo
    Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
  • NAKAMURA Tomohiro
    Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
  • FUJIKI Jumpei
    Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
  • IWANO Hidetomo
    Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan

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Abstract

<p>Although Escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium of the bovine vaginal microbiota, it is an important pathogenic bacterium that causes diseases of the reproductive tract and sub-fertility. Recent studies have focused on virulence factors (VFs) of intrauterine E. coli; however, actual endometrial VFs have not been clearly identified. The purpose of this study was to identify the VFs of E. coli associated with clinical metritis and endometritis. Thirty-two strains of E. coli and four mixed Trueperella pyogenes (TP) strains were detected in the uterus of 19 Holstein dairy cows with obvious clinical signs (between 8 and 66 days postpartum). The presence of six E. coli VFs (fimH, fyuA, kpsMTII, hra1, csgA, and astA) was examined by PCR, and clinical signs and reproductive performance (mixed TP, the percentage of polymorphonuclear neutrophils [PMN%], days to uterine involution, etc.) were evaluated. Four VFs (fimH, hra1, csgA, and astA) were detected in all E. coli strains, whereas fyuA and kpsMTII were detected in 94% and 50% of strains, respectively. Cows with E. coli strains harboring kpsMTII exhibited significantly severe clinical scores (vaginal discharge score, PMN%, uterine involution), suggesting that kpsMTII is a key VF for progression of clinical metritis and endometritis. In the present study, we clearly identified six VFs associated with clinical metritis and endometritis. In addition, E. coli strains with kpsMTII probably play a crucial role in the progression of clinical metritis and endometritis.</p>

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