Effect of sodium arsenite exposure on Euglena gracilis SMZ: Inhibition of growth and viability of E. gracilis SMZ exposure to sodium arsenite

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  • Sato Ikuko
    Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University
  • Ng Jack
    National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology
  • Huang D.S-H
    National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology
  • Suzuki Tetsuya
    National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology Laboratory of Photon-biology, Graduate School for Creation of New Photonics Industries

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Abstract

<p>To estimate the cytotoxicity of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) on Euglena gracilis SMZ, alternations of cell growth and cell viability were first assessments. Monitoring of cell growth was one of the suitable indicators to appreciate cytotoxicity of NaAsO2 because of previous reports indicated that growth of E. gracilis was inhibited by treatment of Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb and Cd (Devars et al., 1998; Einicker-Lamas et al., 2002).</p> <p>The author assessed the cell growth to determine the arsenic concentration required for the inhibition of cell proliferates by more than 50 % of the control (IC50) or 50 % lethal concentration (LC50). In our laboratory, it was suggested that NaAsO2 and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) (1.75, 17.5, 175, 250, 500, 1000 and 1750μM) inhibited cell growth of E. gracilis SMZ in Koren-Hutner (K.H.) medium (pH 3.5). On the basis of these results, the author further investigated the effect of NaAsO2 on cell proliferation and cell viability under different concentrations in K.H. medium (pH 5.5). Exposed of NaAsO2 higher than 2 mM strongly inhibited the cell growth, however, the viable cell number remained ca. 70 %. Below 750μM exposure, as high as more than 90 % cells were found alive suggesting the effect of NaAsO2 would not be fatal but to lower cell proliferation activity that eventually led cells rest to survive.</p>

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