The impact of behavioral restrictions on poor self-rated health among community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic

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  • Ikeda Shinpei
    Major of Occupational Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, School of Health Sciences, Tokyo University of Technology Institute for Gerontology, J. F. Oberlin University
  • Hasegawa Yuuji
    Senior Citizen’s Welfare Division, Ayase City, Kanagawa Prefecture
  • Sekimoto Shigeki
    Senior Citizen’s Welfare Division, Ayase City, Kanagawa Prefecture
  • Ou Kento
    Senior Citizen’s Welfare Division, Ayase City, Kanagawa Prefecture
  • Hirai Mika
    Senior Citizen’s Welfare Division, Ayase City, Kanagawa Prefecture
  • Haga Hiroshi
    School of Nursing, Saku University

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  • COVID-19の流行下における行動制限が地域在住高齢者の主観的健康感の悪化に及ぼす影響
  • COVID-19 ノ リュウコウ カ ニ オケル コウドウ セイゲン ガ チイキ ザイジュウ コウレイシャ ノ シュカンテキ ケンコウカン ノ アッカ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

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Abstract

This study investigates the impact of behavioral restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic on poor self-rated health (SRH) among community-dwelling older adults. The participants were older adults who lived in Ayase City, Kanagawa Prefecture, and the baseline and the follow-up surveys were conducted in December 2019 and July 2020, respectively. We investigated changes in SRH for the healthy group between the baseline survey and the follow-up survey, separating the healthy group of SRH ─ as recorded in the baseline survey ─ into two groups. “Group A” and “Group B” consisted of those who maintained healthy SRH practices and those whose SRH practices declined after the follow-up period, respectively. 330 participants who responded to both surveys were included in the analysis, and Group A and Group B had 75.2% and 7.3%, respectively. We conducted a logistic regression analysis to examine the association of changes on independent variables with dependent variables as the changes in SRH practices (Group A and Group B). Logistic regression analysis showed a decline in physical function, and a state of depression influenced Group B’s changes in SRH practices. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, Occupational Therapists have to encourage older adults to challenge their mental and physical functionality in daily life in order to prevent a decline in SRH practices.

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