Criteria for determining the degree of gingival exposure on smiling in Japanese dental hygiene students

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  • NAGOYA Yuka
    The Nippon Dental University College at Niigata, Graduate Programs, The Major of Dental Hygiene
  • HASEGAWA Yuh
    The Nippon Dental University College at Niigata, Department of Dental Hygiene

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  • スマイル時の歯肉露出に対する歯科衛生学生の評価について
  • スマイルジ ノ シニク ロシュツ ニ タイスル シカ エイセイ ガクセイ ノ ヒョウカ ニ ツイテ

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Abstract

<p>This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the criteria for gummy smiles and dental　knowledge, and to clarify the judging criteria for gummy smiles in Japanese women. The participants were female dental hygiene students from the first- (N=49; representing ordinary people), second- (N=55; taking basic professional courses), and third-year (N=41; completed clinical practice and professional courses) students. A questionnaire survey was conducted with Visual Analogue Scale next to six smile images: A) no gingival exposure, B) gingival margin of maxillary anterior teeth coincided with the lower lip margin, C) gingival exposure of approximately 1 mm, D) approximately 2 mm, E) approximately 3 mm, and F) more than 4 mm. In the inter-grade comparison, there were significant differences between images A and C for the first- and the third-year students, and between images A and D for the second- and third-year students. There was also a significant difference between first- and third-years for image C, and between second- and third-years for image E. These results indicated that the range of acceptable gummy smiles was wider in the second- and third-years than in the first-year students. However, no significant difference was found between images C and D for all years in the intra-grade comparisons, and the coefficient of variance increased from image D for all grades, suggesting that the students were uncertain about the acceptability between images C and D. This suggests that the judging criteria for gummy smiles were related to the amount of dental knowledge, and that gingival exposure of more than 2 mm was considered unacceptable.</p>

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