Factors Influencing Dental Caries in 3-year-old Children: Effect of Prenatal Oral Health Examination on Behavioral Change

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  • SAKAMOTO Harumi
    Tokushima Bunri University Faculty of Health and Welfare Department of Hygiene and Oral Health Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
  • FUKUI Makoto
    Department of Hygiene and Oral Health Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
  • DOI Tokiko
    Department of Hygiene and Oral Health Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
  • YOSHIOKA Masami
    Tokushima Bunri University Faculty of Health and Welfare
  • HINODE Daisuke
    Department of Hygiene and Oral Health Science, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences

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  • 3歳児う蝕に影響を与える要因：行動変容に対する妊婦歯科健康診査の有効性

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Abstract

<p> The aim of this study was to analyze factors influencing dental caries in 3-year-old children. In addition, we investigated the effect of prenatal oral health examination on oral health behavior related to dental caries by a retrospective cohort study.</p><p> The subjects enrolled in this study were 647 children and their mothers who received oral health examinations from 2015 to 2020 at both the 18-month and 3-year-old health check-ups, which were conducted by Naruto City, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. The relationship between dental caries in 3-year-old children and items related to oral health behavior were analyzed by binomial logistic regression analysis using the results of the questionnaire for the 18-month-old or 3-year-old child health check-ups. Furthermore, 480 subjects who had not received a dental check-up during pregnancy were divided into two groups: a prenatal examination group, who received prenatal oral health examination conducted by the municipality, and a non-examination group. Then, differences in oral health behavior after childbirth were analyzed between the two groups.</p><p> The prevalence rate of dental caries in 3-year-old children was 14.5%. It showed that dental caries was significantly correlated with the frequency or regularity of eating between meals, regular dental check-ups, mothers’ knowledge of periodontal disease, and smoking habits of mothers or family members. In addition, the rate of mothers/children who acquired the behavior of regular dental check-ups after childbirth significantly increased, and the rate of regular dental check-ups of the mother at the 18-month-old child checkup was higher in the prenatal examination group when compared with the non-examination group.</p><p> These results indicate that factors related to dental caries in 3-year-old children were eating between meals, regular dental check-ups, knowledge of periodontal disease, and smoking habits. Furthermore, prenatal oral health examinations may promote mothers’ acquisition of good health behavior for themselves or their child, such as understanding the necessity of having regular dental check-ups after childbirth.</p>

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