Current surface modification strategies to improve the binding efficiency of emerging biomaterial polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with bone and soft tissue: A literature review

  • Chen Tianjie
    Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Jinno Yohei
    Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Atsuta Ikiru
    Division of Advanced Dental Devices and Therapeutics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Tsuchiya Akira
    Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Stocchero Michele
    Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
  • Bressan Eriberto
    Department of Neurosciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
  • Ayukawa Yasunori
    Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

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<p>Purpose: The aim of this study was to review the literature on current surface modification strategies used to improve the binding efficiency of an emerging biological material, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), with bone and soft tissues.</p><p>Study selection: This review was based on articles retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases. The main keywords used during the search were “polyetheretherketone (PEEK),” “implant,” “surface modification,” “biomaterials,” “bone,” “osseointegration,” and “soft tissue.”</p><p>Results: The suitability of PEEK surface modification strategies has been critically analyzed and summarized here. Many cell and in vivo experiments in small animals have shown that the use of advanced modification technologies with appropriate surface modification strategies can effectively improve the surface inertness of PEEK, thereby improving its binding efficiency with bone and soft tissues.</p><p>Conclusions: Surface modifications of PEEK have revealed new possibilities for implant treatment; however, most results are based on in vitro or short-term in vivo evaluations in small animals. To achieve a broad application of PEEK in the field of oral implantology, more in vivo experiments and long-term clinical evaluations are needed to investigate the effects of various surface modifications on the tissue integration ability of PEEK to develop an ideal implant material.</p>

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