Mating Types of Ustilago esculenta Infecting Zizania latifolia Cultivars in Japan Are Biased towards MAT-2 and MAT-3

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  • Chigira Yuka
    Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
  • Sasaki Nobumitsu
    Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Gene Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Institute of Global Innovation Research (GIR), Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
  • Komatsu Ken
    Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Institute of Global Innovation Research (GIR), Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
  • Mashimo Kouji
    Field Science Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
  • Tanaka Shigeyuki
    Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University
  • Numamoto Minori
    Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University
  • Moriyama Hiromitsu
    Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
  • Motobayashi Takashi
    Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

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  • Mating Types of <i>Ustilago esculenta</i> Infecting <i>Zizania latifolia</i> Cultivars in Japan Are Biased towards MAT-2 and MAT-3

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<p>Zizania latifolia cultivars infected by the endophytic fungus Ustilago esculenta develop an edible stem gall. Stem gall development varies among cultivars and individuals and may be affected by the strain of U. esculenta. To isolate haploids from two Z. latifolia cultivars in our paddy fields, Shirakawa and Ittenkou, we herein performed the sporadic isolation of U. esculenta strains from stem gall tissue, a PCR-based assessment of the mating type, and in vitro mating experiments. As a result, we obtained heterogametic strains of MAT-2 and MAT-3 as well as MAT-2, but not MAT-3, haploid strains. Another isolation method, in which we examined poorly growing small clusters of sporidia derived from teliospores, succeeded in isolating a MAT-3 haploid strain. We also identified the mating types of 10 U. esculenta strains collected as genetic resources from different areas in Japan. All strains, except for one MAT-1 haploid strain, were classified as MAT-2 haploid strains or heterogametic strains of MAT-2 and MAT-3. The isolated strains of MAT-1, MAT-2, and MAT-3 mated with each other to produce hyphae. Collectively, these results indicate that the mating types of U. esculenta infecting Z. latifolia cultivars in Japan are biased towards MAT-2 and MAT-3 and that U. esculenta populations in these Japanese cultivars may be characterized by the low isolation efficiency of the MAT-3 haploid.</p>

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