Epidemiological Studies on Pulmonary Pathogens in HIV-Positive and -Negative Subjects with or without Community-Acquired Pneumonia with Special Emphasis on <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i>

DOI Web Site Web Site
  • Shankar Esaki Muthu
    Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. A.L.M. PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, India YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services, India
  • Kumarasamy Nagalingeswaran
    YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services, India
  • Vignesh Ramachandran
    YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services, India
  • Balakrishnan Pachamuthu
    YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services, India
  • Solomon Sunil Suhas
    YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services, India
  • Murugavel Kailapuri Gangatharan
    YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services, India
  • Saravanan Shanmugam
    YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services, India
  • Velu Vijayakumar
    Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. A.L.M. PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, India
  • Farooq Shukkur Muhammed
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Canada
  • Hayath Kownhar
    Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. A.L.M. PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, India
  • Muthu Sundaram
    YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services, India
  • Solomon Suniti
    YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services, India
  • Rao Usha Anand
    Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. A.L.M. PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, India

Bibliographic Information

Other Title
  • Epidemiological studies on pulmonary pathogens in HIV-positive and -negative subjects with or without community-acquired pneumonia with special emphasis on Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Search this article

Abstract

<p>The prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae among HIV-positive patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unclear. We investigated 300 HIV-positive adults (200 with CAP and 100 with no respiratory illness) and 75 HIV-negative adults with CAP for the prevalence of respiratory pathogens using culture and serology. A growth inhibition test was employed to confirm the isolates of M. pneumoniae using species-specific typing sera. The prevalence of M. pneumoniae in HIV-positive subjects was 17% by induced sputum and 11.3% by throat swab culture. The seroprevalence of anti-M. pneumoniae IgM was 11.7% by ELISA and 14.3% by the gelatin microparticle agglutination test. The prevalence of M. pneumoniae among HIV-negative cases was relatively low. Streptococcus pneumoniae was predominant (28%) among subjects with lower respiratory disease, whereas Staphylococcus aureus (15%) was common among upper respiratory symptomatic cases. Rales (P = 0.001), pharyngeal erythema (P = 0.02), cervical adenopathy (P = 0.004), skin rash (P = 0.001), and crepitations (P = 0.001) were each significantly related to M. pneumoniae positivity. Statistical significance was observed in relation to total lymphocyte count (P = 0.02) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P = 0.04), as well as to M. pneumoniae positivity. This study shows that the prevalence of M. pneumoniae in HIV-positive subjects is comparatively higher than in HIV-negative subjects with pulmonary symptoms, and concords with previous pilot studies carried out in Chennai, South India.</p>

Journal

Keywords

Details 詳細情報について

Report a problem

Back to top