Frequency of Going Outdoors and Risk of Poor Oral Health Among Older Japanese Adults: A Longitudinal Cohort From the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study
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- Ishimura Keiko
- Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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- Sakaniwa Ryoto
- Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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- Shirai Kokoro
- Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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- Aida Jun
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science
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- Takeuchi Kenji
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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- Kondo Katsunori
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology
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- Iso Hiroyasu
- Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Healthcare Center Medicine
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説明
<p>Background: The association between the frequency of going outdoors and the risk of poor oral health has been reported in several studies; however, the findings have been inconclusive.</p><p>Methods: We conducted a 3-year longitudinal study of 19,972 Japanese adults aged ≥65 years who reported no poor oral condition at baseline in 2013. The respondents rated their frequency of going outdoors in three categories (≤1, 2–3, or ≥4 times/week), and the oral conditions reported in 2016 included tooth loss, chewing difficulty, swallowing difficulty, dry mouth, and composite outcomes. The associations between the frequency of going outdoors and the risk of poor oral health were examined as relative risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multivariable Poisson regression, while mediation analysis was performed to investigate indirect effects.</p><p>Results: During the follow-up, 32.5% of participants developed poor oral health. In the mediation analysis, indirect effects were observed through low instrumental activities of daily living, depressive symptoms, little social network diversity, and underweight. Compared to going outdoors ≥4 times/week, the multivariable RRs of composite poor oral health conditions were 1.12 (95% CI, 1.05–1.20) for 2–3 times/week and 1.22 (95% CI, 1.07–1.39) for ≤1 time/week (P-trend < 0.001). Similar associations were observed for tooth loss, chewing difficulty, and swallowing difficulty; the corresponding RRs were 1.07 (95% CI, 0.97–1.19) and 1.36 (95% CI, 1.13–1.64) (P-trend = 0.002), 1.18 (95% CI, 1.06–1.32) and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.05–1.60) (P-trend < 0.001), and 1.15 (95% CI, 1.01–1.31) and 1.38 (95% CI, 1.08–1.77) (P-trend = 0.002), respectively.</p><p>Conclusion: The frequency of going outdoors was inversely associated with the risk of poor oral health through several modifiable risk factors in the older population.</p>
収録刊行物
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- Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ ｏｆ Ｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｏｌｏｇｙ
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Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ ｏｆ Ｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｏｌｏｇｙ 34 (2), 63-69, 2024-02-05
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