Pioneering artificial cell-like structures with DNA nanotechnology-based liquid-liquid phase separation

DOI Web Site 参考文献22件
  • Sato Yusuke
    Department of Intelligent and Control Systems, Kyushu Institute of Technology
  • Takinoue Masahiro
    Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology Living Systems Materialogy (LiSM) Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology

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<p>Recent studies have revealed that liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) plays crucial roles in various cellular functions. Droplets formed via LLPS within cells, often referred to as membraneless organelles, serve to concentrate specific molecules, thus enhancing biochemical reactions. Artificial LLPS systems have been utilized to construct synthetic cell models, employing a range of synthetic molecules. LLPS systems based on DNA nanotechnology are particularly notable for their designable characteristics in droplet formation, dynamics, properties, and functionalities. This review surveys recent advancements in DNA-based LLPS systems, underscoring the programmability afforded by DNA’s base-pair specific interactions. We discuss the fundamentals of DNA droplet formation, including temperature-dependence and physical properties, along with the precise control achievable through sequence design. Attention is given to the phase separation of DNA nanostructures on two-dimensional closed interfaces, which results in spatial pattern formation at the interface. Furthermore, we spotlight the potential of DNA droplet computing for cancer diagnostics through specific microRNA pattern recognition. We envision that DNA-based LLPS presents a versatile platform for the exploration of cellular mimicry and opens innovative ways for the development of functional synthetic cells.</p>

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