Evaluation of Renal Perfusion: A Comparative Study between Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) Imaging and Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) to Assess Renal Blood Flow in Rodents

  • Ishimatsu Keisuke
    Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Kikuchi Kazufumi
    Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Moe Orson W.
    Charles and Jane Pak Center of Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
  • Oshio Koichi
    Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  • Ishigami Kousei
    Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
  • Takahashi Masaya
    Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA

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<p>Purpose: To compare diagnostic reliability between an intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging and an arterial spin labeling (ASL) in assessment of renal blood flow in rodents.</p><p>Methods: We first evaluated 3 different fitting methods on 5 datasets of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with 10 b-values (0–1000 s/mm2) for bi-exponential analysis in IVIM imaging to calculate pseudo-diffusion parameters. Coefficient of variation (CV) for each parameter and correlation among the parameters was assessed to test the robustness of the 3 fitting methods. Subsequently, DWI and ASL methods were performed before and 14 days after onset of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a rat model. Temporal change before and after AKI onset in the pseudo-diffusion parameters in 3 fitting methods was compared with that in the renal blood flow (RBF) derived in the ASL method.</p><p>Results: The CVs in all IVIM parameters were the lowest in the fitting method that estimated pseudo-diffusion parameters after a fixed true-diffusion was determined where the pseudo- and true-diffusion coefficients had no correlation. The RBF substantially reduced (~50%, P < 0.001) due to the AKI onset; however, no pseudo-diffusion parameters in any of 3 fitting methods could not detect the change. Further, any pseudo-diffusion parameters showed no correlation with the RBF.</p><p>Conclusion: Pseudo-diffusion parameters in the IVIM concept were not reliable to estimate RBF in the study. Since the kidney has a unique profile in the “tissue flow”, our data indicate that study design and interpretation of results needs to be carefully considered when IVIM imaging is used for evaluation of blood flow in tissue, especially in the kidney.</p>

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